2021银行秋招全面启动，各大银行网申报名中，从往年来看，考试科目一般包括行测、专业知识、英语三部分，湖北银行招聘网、招考资讯栏、备考技巧栏更新各行校招社招资讯，提供备考技巧、模拟题、笔面试技巧及备考资料等。今日关注：2021银行秋招-建设银行历年试题（27）
Passage 2
The U.S. economy has been dragging along lately, but here's a small shot in the arm. Gasoline prices have fallen to their lowest level in 33 months:The average price of gasoline nationwide has dropped from $3.74 per gallon in February to $3.19 today. In states like Missouri and Texas, gasoline has sunk below $3 per gallon at the pump, a price not seen in years. Economists tend to think a fall in gasoline prices can help stimulate the economy by giving people more money to spend on other goods. Think of it like a tax cut. Earlier this month, the forecasting firm Macroeconomic Advisers estimated that falling gas prices could add 0.3 percentage points to third-quarter GDP growth.
But why is this happening? The reasons for the recent fall in gasoline prices are varied, but here are some of the big ones:
— Gasoline prices typically rise in the summer and go down in the winter. That's because people take more vacations when the weather's nice, and refiners have to put out a pricier "summer blend" of gasoline that's mixed with butane and other ingredients to prevent evaporation in the heat. Once the summer's over, gas prices typically fall again. So that's worth mentioning. But this isn't the only factor here.
— The supply of gasoline is up — for odd reasons. U.S. stockpiles of gasoline were at 210 million barrels in the first week of November, up about 4 percent from the same period last year. Normally, refineries cut back when stockpiles are high. But there are other forces at play here. Many Gulf Coast refiners are taking advantage of the boom in shale-oil drilling in the Midwest and producing ever more diesel for export to Europe and Asia. That’s a lucrative business. And that refining process also produces more gasoline for domestic consumption. So, as The Wall Street Journal reports, refiners can still make a profit from exporting diesel abroad even if they're creating a glut of gasoline here at home. — Fewer refinery disruptions. It's been a fairly quiet hurricane season in the Atlantic this year — with not a single hurricane making landfall. That means U.S. refineries have seen relatively few disruptions of late, apart from Tropical Storm Karen in October and scheduled shutdowns for maintenance. — Oil prices have declined moderately. The price of oil typically makes up about 70 percent of the cost of gasoline. And a barrel of West Texas Intermediate crude cost just $93.60 on Tuesday, down from around $110 in September. Oft-cited factors for the drop include growing U.S. crude supplies and an easing of tensions between the United States and Iran. This also isn't the whole story, but it's a factor.
— Gasoline demand has been fairly restrained. In recent years, Americans have been buying more efficient cars and light trucks, in part due to new fuel-economy standards by the Obama administration. That's helped keep a lid on prices. But this trend may not last for long if driving demand picks back up.
— A bet on weakened ethanol rules. Earlier this year, many refineries were buying up renewable credits, known as "RINs," in anticipation that the Environmental Protection Agency would tighten its rule on how much ethanol needs to be mixed in with gasoline in 2014. The price of RINs soared, which, in turn, may have driven up gasoline prices. The opposite is happening now as many observers think the EPA could weaken its ethanol targets for 2014 (a leaked draft suggested as much). Partly as a result, the price of RINs has fallen sharply since July — and with it, some analysts think, the price of gasoline.
The big question is whether prices will keep dropping — or whether they'll eventually rebound sharply the way they did in 2011 and 2012 after temporary lulls. The winter drop in gasoline demand is obviously seasonal and temporary. And there's always the possibility that geopolitical unrest could send oil prices soaring. For now, however, the U.S. Energy Information Administration is predicting that U.S. gasoline prices will stay restrained in the year ahead — falling from an average of $3.50 per gallon in 2013 to $3.39 per gallon in 2014. That's still much higher than they were a decade ago. But it would count as a small bit of relief for the broader economy.
6. In which way do lower gasoline prices affect U.S. economy?
A. It will lead to a little decrease of GDP growth in the third quarter.
B. It will reduce the cost of transportation of products.
C. It will raise the sale of gasoline and cars.
D. It will promote the economy as a whole.
7. Which of the following is NOT a cause of the fall of the gasoline price?
A. Less people take vacations in winter.
B. The cost for producing gasoline is lowered.
C. The stock of gasoline is a little higher.
D. There are few natural disruptions.
8. What does the word “glut” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Excess. B. Portion C. Range D. Type
9. Which of the following words is used metaphorically, not literally?
A. Vacations (Paragraph Three) B. Boom (Paragraph Four)
C. Lid (Paragraph Five) D. Opposite (Paragraph Six)
10. It can be learned from Paragraph Six that ______ .
A. the mixture of ethanol into gasoline damages the environment.
B. the ethanol rules have an indirect impact on the price of the gasoline.
C. the administration policies on gasoline are out of refineries’ expectation
D. the Environment Protection Agency should improve its security measures.
Passage
6.【答案】D。解析：细节题。文章第一段开头即点明了汽油价格下降是美国经济的强心剂，接下来该段第五句提到，专家认为，由于汽油价格的下降，人们可以把钱省下来去购买其他商品，从而促进经济的发展，并且在该段最后一句提到，由于汽油价格的变动，美国的GDP在第三季度会有小幅度的上升，也就是说，汽油价格下降将会从整体上促进美国经济的发展，因此D为正确答案。第一段末句说下降的汽油价格可能会为第三季度的GDP增长增加0.3个百分点，A与原文意思相反，故排除;文章中没有提到汽油价格下降会使产品的运输成本减少，故排除B;文章也没有提到汽油的价格下降会增加汽油的销量或是汽车的销量，故排除C。
7.【答案】C。解析：细节题。第四段开头即点明了汽油库存量升高的事实，该段第三句指出，通常来说，库存量多时，炼油量就会降低，但紧接着说，今年美国的炼油厂并没有因为库存量多而降低炼油量，因此，库存量多不是汽油价格下降的原因，故C为正确答案。
8.【答案】A。解析：词义辨析题。第四段开头就提到，汽油供应量有所上升，接着第八句提到，按照《华尔街日报》的说法，即使在国内销售了大量汽油，炼油厂还可以通过出口柴油赚取大量利润，由此猜测，“excess”“大量，过量”与句中的“glut”意思最为接近，所以A为正确答案。
9.【答案】C。解析：修辞题。第五段第三句说“That’s helped keep a lid on prices”(价格本身是不会有盖子的)，此处将价格看作某种实质性的物品，而“盖子”则是暗喻的说法，指给价格加了一个上限，故lid一词采用了暗喻的修辞手法，故选C。
10.【答案】B。解析：推断题。第六段中说，出于有关乙醇制度将收紧的预计，许多炼油厂都购买了大量可再生能源认证码，这从某种意义上推动了汽油价格的上涨，而事实恰好相反，关于乙醇制度的弱化，则最终导致了汽油价格的下降，由此可知，关于乙醇的制度对汽油价格产生了间接的影响，故B为正确答案。
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